The Depths of Disobedience

Forย I, theย Lord,ย do not change...

Malachi 3:6

So often I hear people speaking about the Old Testament versus the New Testament as if the two tell a story about two different Gods. The implication is that the Old Testament was hard. The New Testament is easier because of grace. Nothing could be further from the truth as evidenced by Acts 5, which begins in the context of the conclusion of Acts 4.

Now the full number of those who believed were of one heart and soul, and no one said that any of the things that belonged to him was his own, but they had everything in common. And with great power the apostles were giving their testimony to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and great grace was upon them all. There was not a needy person among them, for as many as were owners of lands or houses sold them and brought the proceeds of what was sold and laid it at the apostles’ feet, and it was distributed to each as any had need. Thus Joseph, who was also called by the apostles Barnabas (which means son of encouragement), a Levite, a native of Cyprus, sold a field that belonged to him and brought the money and laid it at the apostles’ feet.

Acts 4:32-37

Now the full number” means everyone obeyed the Holy Spirit. There was no confusion. No prophet needed to declare “thus saith the Lord!” because everyone was in perfect submission to Jesus through Holy Spirit. That obedience can be likened to my right and left hands obeying my head. My left hand does not need to hear from my right hand to know the will of my head. It simply does what my head says.

Enter Ananias and Saphira a proverbial right hand with a will of its own. They altered God’s (the head’s) word that the rest of the body obeyed without question.

“So what if they saved a bit of the money for themselves?” cries the voice of contemporary society.

That rationalization is the first mistake. The issue was not the amount or value of what they held back. The issue was their rebellion against God! Rebellion is not measured according to stuff. Rebellion is determined by disobedience.

Biblicaly there is no such thing as partial obedience.

The rebellion of Anaias and Saphira was the same rebellion when Moses struck the rock instead of speaking to the rock as God commanded in Numbers 20. The carnal mind might justify the action because the people got the flesh-saving water they needed. But water was not God’s primary purpose. His purpose was to show Himself Holy (Set apart). And God said to Moses,

And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, โ€œBecause you did not believe in me, to uphold me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land that I have given them.โ€ 

Numbers 20:12

It was the same rebellion that exposed the true heart of Saul and ended his reign over Israel in 1 Samuel 15. Saul disobeyed God and kept some of the spoils of the Amalekites then rationalized and justified his disobedience by claiming he was doing it for the Lord.ย Saul was not concerned with pleasing the Lord or he would have obeyed.

Saul was concerned with promoting Saul. 

And Samuel said,
โ€œHas the Lord as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices,
    as in obeying the voice of the Lord? Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice, and to listen than the fat of rams. For rebellion is as the sin of divination, and presumption is as iniquity and idolatry.
Because you have rejected the word of the Lord,
he has also rejected you from being king.โ€

1 Samuel 15:22-23

God cut Ananias and Saphira off for disobeying His word and so that others would fearย (phรณbosterror) lest the rest of His body be infected with their witchcraft and idolatry.

And if your right hand causes you to sin, cut it off and throw it away. For it is better that you lose one of your members than that your whole body go into hell.

Mathew 5:30

The Root of Disobedience

Most theologians hold that the Fall from grace began with Satan’s question,

Did God really say…

Genesis 3:1

Eve was beguiled by Satan and ate the fruit. Then Adam relinquished his position as the head of his wife and was led into sin by Eve.

In his book Spiritual Authority, Watchman Nee points out that Eve’s rebellion began with her reply.

And the woman said to the serpent, โ€œWe may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden, but God said, โ€˜You shall not eat of the fruit of the tree that is in the midst of the garden, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.โ€™โ€

Genesis 3:2

But God had said,

And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, โ€œYou may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.โ€

Genesis 2:16-17

Eve added the words, “neither shall you touch it…”

Once again, contemporary reason declares,

“Oh my gosh, Brian. That’s so religious! Why are you splitting hairs? Get a grip, you Pharisee!”

Watchman Nee says reason is the problem. Reason is the fruit of the knowledge of good and evil whereby people do what is right in their own eyes in Jesusโ€™s name.

We are not commanded to justify, rationalize, minimize, and generalize, a.k.a. reason our thoughts and actions, then sprinkle Jesus on it all. We are commanded to obey. Saying that God said something He didn’t or changing the words He said is rebellion of the first degree. This is why Paul so strongly emphasizes this warning in Galatians.

But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed
As we have said before, so now I say again: If anyone is preaching to you a gospel contrary to the one you received, 
let him be accursed.

Galatians 1:8-9

This is why I shudder when I hear the nonchalant propagation of false prophetic words and or eisigeis in place of exegesis. “Oh, they are just learning to hear,” we minimize, never once considering the wreckage that is left in the wake. It’s as if the God of all creation has become some namby-pamby daddy who doesn’t take himself seriously, so why should we?

Exegesis means โ€œto lead out of.โ€ That means that the interpreter is led to his conclusions by following the text.

Eisegesis means โ€œto lead into,โ€ which means the interpreter injects his own ideas into the text, making it mean whatever he wants.

Got Questions

False Teaching

Paul covers the subject of false teachers and teachings extensively in 2 Timothy. He praises Timothy for having

Carefully followed my doctrine…

2 Timothy 3:10

Correct doctrine is correct teaching concerning the word of God apart from which obedience is impossible. Correct teaching is always exegetical not eisegetical.

Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.

2 Timothy 2:15

We must divide what is there, not what we imagine is there. We divide Truth from untruth. Paul gives an example.

But shun profane and vain babblings: for they will increase unto more ungodliness.
And their word will eat as doth a canker: of whom is Hymenaeus and Philetus;
Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the resurrection is past already; and overthrow the faith of some.

2 Timothy 2:16-18

Hymenaeus and Philetus engaged in profane and vain babblings via their eschatological claim that the future bodily resurrection promised in Mathew 24:29-30 and 1 Thessalonians 4:16-17 had already taken place. The Sadducees taught that there is no bodily resurrection at all. Keep in mind, the context of this chapter is false teaching. Paul’s point was not to enter into a debate about eschatology. Rather he was illustrating the seriousness of false teachings that produce ungodliness to the point of falling away from the faith.ย  Godliness is eusรฉbeia (Greek) – holiness. False teachings make one unholy regardless of how sweet they sound.

But you must continue in the things which you have learned and been assured of, knowing from whom you have learned them, and that from childhood you have known the Holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith which is in Christ Jesus

2 Timothy 2:14- 15

Paul concludes 2 Timothy 3 with a foundational presupposition in our Acts 17:11 Bereans Bible study.

All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.

2 Timothy 3:16-17

There are many important things in our walk with God. Yet nothing is more important than the ability to rightly divide the word of truth. The Holy Spirit is the Spirit of truth who leads us into all truth. He brings scriptural truth to remembrance. John 14:17 If the spirit within us speaks contrary to the word of God, then that Spirit is not Holy Spirit. At best, it is our soul, namely our mind, will, emotions, and the stories we create to make sense of our experiences. At worst, it is a spirit of antichrist masquerading as an angel of light. One thing is certain. God’s voice will never contradict His word.

Period!

Except for the Book of Philemon, there are warnings against false teachers and false teachings in every book of the New Testament. That should tell us something. No wonder James warns that,

Not many of you should become teachers, my brothers, for you know that we who teach will be judged with greater strictness.

James 3:1

If I say or write something wrong and you love me then you will correct me. If you can show me I am wrong I will thank you and I will repent. 1 John 1:9 I don’t much care about the tone you use, provided the correction is true, and rooted in scripture. I learn by being corrected by Holy Spirit and by my Holy Spirit-filled brothers and sisters.

Why then do so many minimize and even sanction the falsification of God’s word?

preach the word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with complete patience and teaching. For the time is coming when people will not endure sound teaching, but having itching ears they will accumulate for themselves teachers to suit their own passions, and will turn away from listening to the truth and wander off into myths. But as for you, always be sober-minded, endure suffering, do the work of an evangelist, fulfill your ministry.

2 Timothy 4:2-5

So often I hear people defend their preferred teacher or preacher based on their kindness, compassion, and caring approach toward their flock. Some well-meaning followers become enamored with a personality or a person’s charisma and mistake it for anointing. Anointed is ChristChristos, in Greek, and means one with the authority to speak on God’s behalf. Jesus warned of many false Christos in the end times. Many times sincere and honest seekers can’t fathom that someone so influential in the body of Christ could be so wrong or worse, a wolf in sheep’s clothing. Others succumb to confirmation bias. They hear what they want to hear because it makes sense according to their experience and or what they have been taught. Or it suits their own passions and they simply disregard anything that opposes their point of view.ย Passion does not always imply blatant sins of the flesh. Passion could simply be

“My reasoning, my altruistic will in Jesusโ€™ name”.

What we often end up with today is that people embrace the heresy and rebuke anyone who calls out the heresy. No one considers the seriousness of Anaias and Saphira in the context of

The God who does not change.

At the end of the day and the current age, it doesn’t make a lick of difference in how sweet, joyful, gentle, kind, gifted, intelligent, loving, etc. someone appears if they are twisting God’s words or proclaiming what God never said. Hence, in 1 Corinthians 4 Paul exhorts us to

Not go beyond what is written.

The KJV says,
not to think of men above that which is written.

1 Corinthians 4:6

This was a huge problem in the church of Corinth. It is a huge problem in the church today.

When we study and endeavor to rightly divide the word of Truth, we need to be certain we are reading what was actually said at the time it was written. We need to understand the cultural and literary context. We need to know something about the audience to whom the message was given. We need to be sure our Bible translation accurately reflects the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek lest we produce a doctrine out of our own eisegesis. That’s how all cults begin. We need to follow the tradition of the Acts 17:11 Bereans and search the scriptures to see if what a given teacher or Bible translation says is true. Those who insist on an eisegetical, “God told me” even though scripture contradicts it approach may find themselves in the same proverbial boat with Eve, Saul, Ananias, and Saphira.

The following example is going to ruffle some feathers.

There is a popular Bible translation within the charismatic stream that is really an eisegetical interpretation. The author makes all sorts of radical prophetic claims about himself all of which glorify himself. One of these is that God took him to heaven and revealed an added chapter 22 to the book of John. Galatians 1:8-9 aside, the ubiquitous, undeniable spiritual proposition, “God told me,” shuts down most naysayers. After all, who am I, a mere man, to argue with God? Hence, Paul’s admonition to the Church in Corinth, “Let every word be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses.” Those witnesses are scriptures, not your friend’s opinion masquerading as Holy Spirit. We also have Paul’s instruction to the church in Thessalonikiย  “Do not despiseย prophecies,ย butย test everything; hold fast what is good.ย Abstain from every form of evil.”

While I felt a check in my spirit, my initial response when I heard of the Passion Translation at Harvest School in 2016 mirrored that of Jeremiah to Hananiah in Jeremiah 28.

โ€œAmen! May the Lord do so; may the Lord make the words that you have prophesied come true…โ€

Jeremiah 28:6-9

I wanted the author’s claims to be true.

In the end, the Lord rebuked Hananiah through Jeremiah.

โ€œListen, Hananiah, the Lord has not sent you, and you have made this people trust in a lie. Therefore thus says the Lord: โ€˜Behold, I will remove you from the face of the earth. This year you shall die, because you have uttered rebellion against the Lord.โ€™โ€

Jeremiah 28:15-16

God killed Hananiah for speaking what He did not say.

The fact that God hasn’t killed all the fake prophets today does not mean that God has changed or His word has changed. It means there is mercy and time to repent. After all, accursed means

“Going to Hell.”

And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment

Hebrews 9:27

The Passion author Brian Simmons also claims the God ordained authority to correct all other translations. I guess that makes the Passion the only correct translation. Many in our stream subscribe to the Passion. I suspect this is because it is more poetic, gentle, and loving according to contemporary definitions of “loving”, and therefore more palatable.

I just feel like the Lord is pleased with it.

I’ll admit, the poetic license Simmons uses frequently sounds a lot sweeter than other versions. We purchased the Passion Psalms and Proverbs after Harvest School and loved them at first.

Here is one example that sparked my concern.

Ephesians 5:22-33 is foundational to all of the counseling we do with couples. We would go so far as to say that all marriage problems would be solved if couples would simply obey these verses as they are written. If you want to know more about our counseling approach, you can read Husbandsย  Love Your Wives.

“Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands,
as unto the Lord.” KJV

Wives, submit to your own husbands, as to the Lord. ESV

Ephesians 5:22

Simmons claims that Ephesians 5:22 should actually read, “Wives be tenderly devoted to your husband as the church is tenderly devoted to Christ.”ย 

Tender – showing gentleness and concern or sympathy.

-Oxford English Dictionary-

That seems nice.

Should a wife be tenderly devoted to her husband? Sure. There’s nothing wrong with tenderness. A mother should also be tenderly devoted to her children. Tender devotion is not the operative question at hand. The English word Devotion occurs twice in the New Testament ESV. For example,

But I am afraid that as the serpent deceived Eve by his cunning, your thoughts will be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ.

2 Corinthians 11:3

The KJV uses the word simplicity.

Simplicityhaplรณtฤ“s
Singleness, sincerity, mental honesty, the virtue of one who is free from pretence and hypocrisy, not self-seeking.

-Strongs Concordance-

That’s not what Paul is commanding in Ephesians 5:22.

Simmons further claims that Ephesians should be translated from Aramaic because Jesus spoke Aramaic. But Ephesians was written Greek to people who spoke Greek.ย  Therefore the correct meaning of this God breathed passage is only found in Greek.

The God breathed word in Ephesians 5 says, “Wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord.

Submit in Greek is hypotรกssล 
“a Greek military term meaning “to arrange troops militarily under the command of a leader”. In non-military use, it was “a voluntary attitude of giving in, cooperating, assuming responsibility, and carrying a burden”.

– Strongs Concordance-

As Cathy says, tender devotion works great when things are going great. The true test of submission is when things are not going great or the wife vehemently disagrees with her husband’s decision. There have been times when Cathy disagreed with me and I was wrong. But she submitted to my final decision anyway out of obedience to the Lord. Tenderness and devotion toward me may are may not have been there in the moment. That put me in a position to be corrected by God which He eventually did. Having sailed from Hawaii to Thailand on a thirty-six-foot sailboat through a hurricane, Cathy will be the first to tell you there can be only one captain when the storm hits.

Paul isn’t giving his opinion or preferences regarding how he would like to be treated. He is declaring the God breathed word. He uses the picture of husband and wife, rightly related to one another, such that two become one flesh, to depict Christ’s relationship to His church. Marriage is unique and distinctive from all other relationships on earth. It is “a mystery” that can only be apprehended through obedience. Hence, submitt means submit. Meanwhile, the husband is to love his wife as Christ loved the church. He gives himself up for her. He is fully prepared to die for her if necessary. When both parties are obedient to the word they submit to God before each other to form a triangle with God at the apex. The closer they grow together. The closer they grow to God and vice versa.ย  At the root of every marriage in crisis is the failure of one or more parties to obey the Word of God in Ephesians 5. Obedience to the word by both parties brings healing to the marriage one hundred percent of the time. By rewording this one verse Brian Simmons effectively altered God’s blueprint for marriage and God’s depiction of the mystery of two becoming one in marriage and the church.

That should strike Phobos in our hearts.

For the record, Brian Simmons seems quite likable. He seems gentle and kind, and well-meaning. He seems like the sort of person with whom most believers wouldn’t mind fellowshiping. Like so many charismatic celebrities, his gifting and charisma led many believers to dismiss the warning in Galatians 1:8-9 entirely.

“Oh, it can’t be that bad.” We say. “I mean look at him. He’s so gentle and kind and loving…”

You might disagree. But here is the problem as I see it. Sometimes we are too willing to compromise in the name of love. We compromise because we have been indoctrinated, albeit subconsciously, to believe that tolerance is love. This is largely due to our collective worldview being tainted by an educational system rooted in Postmodernism and Critical Theory instead of Biblical truth that says obedience is love.

And this is love, that we walk after his commandments. This is the commandment, That, as ye have heard from the beginning, ye should walk in it.

2 John 1:6

We tolerate blatant error and even heresy rather than confront it because love has been framed as tolerance. The Bible says we cannot love until we have purified our hearts through obedience to the truth.

Having purified your souls by your obedience to the truth for a sincere brotherly love, love one another earnestly from a pure heart,

1 Peter 1:22

Tolerance prioritizes people’s feelings. We don’t want to risk hurting people’s feelings so we don’t tell them the truth. We claim to care about others. In reality, we are terrified of being disliked. We say we love God. But how can we love God if we are willing to compromise His word for the sake of being liked by people?

Shielding ourselves from Truth does not protect love. It suffocates it.

-Author Unknown-

Other times we won’t confront an error because we don’t want to be confronted ourselves. We tell people they are “amazing” because we want to hear that we are amazing. The Bible says we should fear the pursuit of personal affirmation and accolades.

โ€œWoe to you, when all people speak well of you, for so their fathers did to the false prophets.”

Luke 6:26

Therefore I exhort you.

God doesn’t change.

Do not dismiss the potential depths of disobedience.

Again, I realize that some people are not going to like, let alone agree with what I have written here. That’s fine. If I am anything, I am a watchman. Believe and do as you will. My obedience to God on this matter is complete.

But if the watchman sees the sword coming and does not blow the trumpet to warn the people and the sword comes and takes someoneโ€™s life, that personโ€™s life will be taken because of their sin, but I will hold the watchman accountable for their blood.

Ezekiel 33:6

Maranatha

Acts 4 Highlights

And as they were speaking to the people, the priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them, greatly annoyed because they were teaching the people and proclaiming in Jesus the resurrection from the dead. And they arrested them and put them in custody until the next day, for it was already evening. But many of those who had heard the word believed, and the number of the men came to about five thousand.

Acts 4:1-4

Most of Acts 4:1-22 is self-explanatory. There are a couple of points worthy of elaboration if only for future reference.

The Sadducees and Pharisees

The Sadducees and Pharisees were opposing religious and political parties. Here are some of the main differences that may be useful.

Sadducees Saddoukaรฎos,
“the righteous”
a Jewish religious party at the time of Christ, who denied that the oral law was a revelation of God to the Israelites, and who deemed the written law alone to be obligatory on the nation, as the divine authority. They also denied the following doctrines:
resurrection of the body,
immortality of the soul,
existence of spirits and angels. -divine predestination,
-They affirmed free will

-Strongs Concordance-

PhariseePharisaรฎos
A sect that seems to have started after the Jewish exile. In addition to Old Testament books, the Pharisees recognised in oral tradition a standard of belief and life. They sought distinction and praise by outward observance of external rites and by outward forms of piety, such as ceremonial washings, fastings, prayers, and alms giving. Comparatively negligent of genuine piety, they prided themselves on their fancied good works. They held strenuously to a belief in the existence of good and evil angels, and to the expectation of a Messiah. They cherished the hope that the dead, after a preliminary experience either of reward or of penalty in Hades, would be recalled to life by him, and be requited each according to his individual deeds. In opposition to the usurped dominion of the Herods and the rule of the Romans, they stoutly upheld the theocracy and their country’s cause, and possessed great influence with the common people. According to Josephus, they numbered more than 6000. They were bitter enemies of Jesus and his cause; and were in turn severely rebuked by him for their avarice, ambition, hollow reliance on outward works, and affection of piety to gain popularity.

– Strongs Concordance –

No Other Name

The stone that the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone. 

Psalm 118:22

In verses 11 and 12, Peter quotes Psalm 118 and declares, “there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.โ€ This verse is also referenced in Matthew 21:42, Mark 12:10, and we might be tempted to say, “Yes I know that.” Yet Peter is declaring this to the Sadducees, several of whom, e.g. Caiaphas, had a direct hand in the crucifixion of Jesus. In fact, Peter had been lurking about and denied Jesus at the same time that Caiaphas spat in Jesusโ€™s face. Mat 26:57-75 Hence, the scene in Acts 4 is a testimony to Peter’s genuine surrender, transformation, and boldness as he had no reasonable assurance that Caiaphas would not do the same to Peter in that moment.

Whose Authority

But Peter and John answered them, โ€œWhether it is right in the sight of God to listen to you rather than to God, you must judge, for we cannot but speak of what we have seen and heard.โ€ 

Acts 4:19-20

This is the first time that Peter confronts believers with an ethical dilemma regarding authority with a question.ย 

Should I listen to you or to God?

Mind you, the last time Peter had challenged the same religious authority based on what he thought was obedience to God, he chopped off Malchus’s ear in the Garden of Gethsemane only to be rebuked by Jesus.ย  Was Peter’s question to the Sadducees now a reflection of his remaining ambivalence, or was it a masterful use of what contemporary counselors call “developing the discrepancy” in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, where any answer would confront the Sadducees with their own error? Given Peter’s previous track record and the depth of the wisdom applied, I suspect it was another example of Holy Spirit operating through Peter.

And when they bring you before the synagogues and the rulers and the authorities, do not be anxious about how you should defend yourself or what you should say, for the Holy Spirit will teach you in that very hour what you ought to say.โ€

Luke 12:11-12

After spending the night in jail, the Apostles go free and tell their tale to fellow believers who lift their voices together and quote the very eschatological Psalm 2. I use the term eschatological because it proclaims the first and second coming of Jesus.

They went on to declare the irrefutable omniscience and sovereignty of God.

for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.

Acts 4:27-28

Wait a minute! Did he say the actions of Herod, Pontius Pilate, the Gentiles, and the peoples of Israel were predestined by the hand and the plan of God?

As a matter of fact, he did.

Those who followed us in our discussion of Freewill versus Predestination in Romans 9 and the post Getting Through the Gate will note the current score is,

Calvinism 3. Arminianism 0.

Verses 32-37 are a reiteration of Kingdom economic principles from Acts 2:42-47 covered in Lawlessness Increased.

Now the full number of those who believed were of one heart and soul, and no one said that any of the things that belonged to him was his own, but they had everything in common. And with great power the apostles were giving their testimony to the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and great grace was upon them all. There was not a needy person among them, for as many as were owners of lands or houses sold them and brought the proceeds of what was sold and laid it at the apostles’ feet, and it was distributed to each as any had need. Thus Joseph, who was also called by the apostles Barnabas (which means son of encouragement), a Levite, a native of Cyprus, sold a field that belonged to him and brought the money and laid it at the apostles’ feet.

Acts 2:32-37

Maranatha

Healing

Acts 3 begins at the Beautiful Gate. While there is some dispute regarding its location, we were told when we were in Israel that it is sealed because it is the gate through which Jesus entered Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, Mat 21, on a donkey, and will reenter from the same spot when He returns to rule in the Millennium. It sits directly across from the Mount of Olives, upon which both Jews and Christians expect the Messiah to descend.

While he clung to Peter and John, all the people, utterly astounded, ran together to them in the portico called Solomon’s. And when Peter saw it he addressed the people: โ€œMen of Israel, why do you wonder at this, or why do you stare at us, as though by our own power or piety we have made him walk?

Acts 3:11-12

And in that day His feet will stand on the Mount of Olives,

Zechariah 14:4-11

A lame man who had lain daily at the gate asks Peter and John for some stuff. The Bible calls it alms. Peter replies,

โ€œI have no silver and gold, but what I do have I give to you. In the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, rise up and walk!โ€

Acts 3:6

One question that sticks out in our minds is, “Does that imply that Jesus would have passed him by?” If so, was it so that God could heal him as Peter told him to stand and walk?

In any case, everyone begins freaking out and as is usual with human beings, they begin assigning power and significance to people. Peter counters with โ€œMen of Israel, why do you wonder at this, or why do you stare at us, as though by our own power or piety we have made him walk?

This is the first Apostolic healing. Peter establishes an important truth that frames every incidence of healing thereafter.

The power of God, not the power of people heals.

After rebuking the Jews once again for delivering Jesus to Pilate to be killed, Peter declares,

And his nameโ€”by faith in his nameโ€”has made this man strong whom you see and know, and the faith that is through Jesus has given the man this perfect health in the presence of you all.

Acts 3:16

My first question here is, “whose faith?” Was it the faith of the lame man that healed him? Was it the faith of Peter? Or did the faith of Jesus alone in the fulfilment of Isaiah’s prophecy that healed him?

But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.

Isaiah 53:5

The exact interpretation is the jumping-off point for a major theological controversy in the body of Christ. Word of Faith adherents maintain that physical health is a right of all believers. They maintain that healing itself is the emphasis behind divine healing. An absence of healing correlates with the absence of faith. Some claim the faith of the one praying determines healing. Some claim it is the faith of the one receiving the prayer. Others hold that the sole purpose of healing is to glorify God.

“Doesn’t all healing glorify God?” You ask.

Not necessarily. As someone recently said, “One thing we don’t do well within the charismatic stream is illness.” We have seen parents blamed for the partial paralysis of their child.

“You need to take authority! Command him to walk!”  They said. “He’s not healed because you don’t believe!”

If the parent assumes the blame for their child not being healed, then it follows that they would get the credit if the child is healed. A similar dynamic can be seen in those who take credit for leading someone to the Lord. That’s great that you did that! But that also means it’s your fault anytime someone refuses.

Thankfully Paul was clear about his and our responsibilities in God’s plan.

I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth. So neither he who plants nor he who waters is anything, but only God who gives the growth. 

1 Corinthians 3:6-7

In John 9 Jesus declares the man was specifically born blind for the purpose of Glorifying God. Similarly, in John 11, Jesus declares of Lazarus โ€œThis illness does not lead to death. It is for the glory of God, so that the Son of God may be glorified through it.โ€ Then again, in Mark 10, Jesus declares of the blind man, “And Jesus said to him, โ€œGo your way; your faith has made you well.โ€ Jesus declared the same thing regarding the woman with an issue of blood in Luke 8:43-48. โ€œDaughter, your faith has made you well; go in peace.โ€  Was their faith in the sovereign deity and the power of Jesus? Or was their faith in God’s desire that they should be healed?

It seems that our role as believers is to be faithful and obedient. I don’t pray for people because I believe I have the power to heal. I pray because I have the power to know when and how to obey God. If someone is healed or delivered when I pray, it’s because God did it. I simply obeyed the word that the Holy Spirit brought to remembrance. If He doesnโ€™t heal, it’s because His will or maybe His timing is different, as was the case with our friend Crystal who was repeatedly prayed for by Todd White before and after he became a celebrity.

If you insist that God always wants to heal our flesh and to say otherwise is heresy then please click on the link above.

Also consider Paul’s words in 2 Corinthians.

So to keep me from becoming conceited because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to harass me, to keep me from becoming conceited. Three times I pleaded with the Lord about this, that it should leave me. But he said to me, โ€œMy grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.โ€ Therefore I will boast all the more gladly of my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may rest upon me. 

2 Corinthians 12:7-9

For the record, while it is common for people to project the sin they have yet to overcome onto Paul and claim it as their own thorn, Paul was speaking about his poor eyesight. He could not read or write though he was a scholar among scholars and had to depend entirely on Luke. If it is always God’s will to heal then Paul must not have believed. Obviously, the argument falls apart when we apply the laws of coherence and noncontradiction.

And Jesus came and said to them, โ€œAll authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.

Mathew 28:18

Either Jesus has been given all authority or He has not. If indeed Jesus is on the throne then nothing can happen that He does not cause or allow. “But all sickness is Satanic!” you say.  Perhaps. But God causes all things to work together for those who love God and are called according to His purpose. If Satan can sift us, Luke 22:31, apart from the will of Jesus, then Satan, not Jesus, is on the throne. To say otherwise is completely incoherent.

Given the location of the opening scene in Acts 3, I can’t help but wonder if this first Apostolic healing wasn’t a prophetic eschatological foreshadowing. After all, a man who could not stand or walk stood and boldly marched through the gate that marked the beginning of Jesus’s journey to the cross that is the source of all healing and into the very city and temple from which Jesus will one day rule.

At that time Jerusalem shall be called the throne of the Lord, and all nations shall gather to it, to the presence of the Lord in Jerusalem, and they shall no more stubbornly follow their own evil heart.

Jeremiah 3:17

In fact, the entire third chapter of Acts is framed by prophetic declarations beginning with Moses.

The Lord God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your brothers. You shall listen to him in whatever he tells you…

Deuteronomy 18:15-18

Interestingly, Moses’s prophecy regarding Jesus emphasizes a warning about false prophecy.

But the prophet who presumes to speak a word in my name that I have not commanded him to speak

Deuteronomy 18:20-22

I often think many of our would-be contemporary prophets and prophetesses would do well to meditate deeply on these verses.

In any case, Peter reminds them that all the prophets since Samuel have prophesied the coming of Jesus. He reminds them they are the sons of these prophets and are of the covenant God made with Abraham.

โ€˜And in your offspring shall all the families of the earth be blessed.โ€™

Genesis 22:18

I could be wrong, but healing when it happens seems bigger and more significant than our flesh and comfort on earth. “But people come to Jesus as a result of miracles.”  That’s not what the Bible says.

No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day. 

John 6:44

Jesus denounced the places where He did most of His miracles because they did not repent of their sins. Matthew 11 People who are divinely healed but don’t truly surrender to Jesus may actually be worse off.

Are there healing and material blessings in this life? Of course. But these are not the determining factors for God’s love. We know God loves us because He gave Himself for us. He was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities. Transgressions are sins we have committed. Iniquity includes the pressure to sin. The power of God is most clearly described in 1 John.

This is the message we have heard from him and proclaim to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.  If we say we have fellowship with him while we walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth.  But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.  If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.  If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.

1 John 1:5-10

One thing is certain everyone reading this is going to die. Barring some form of unexpected instant death, there is a good chance people will be fervently praying for you to be healed while you pass.

To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven: A time to be born, and a time to die..

Ecclesiasties 3:1-2

Again, physical healing in this life does happen. But it may not be the main point, or the main event.

And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment, so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him

Hebrews 9:27-28

Everything God does on earth serves His purpose in drawing the current aeon to a close with Christ’s return followed by the reset of all creation according to His original plan.

I could be wrong, but I think human beings are myopic by default. Entitlement and ingratitude are also common. Some of us are so consumed with seeking superior natural experiences that defy natural law because we have never embraced the miracle of creation itself. We are so easily consumed with the present, often presented on a smartphone, that we forget we are living in eternity. Those chasing the manifest presence of God often forget, or perhaps never knew that at one point, we were destined for eternal torment.

And you were dead in the trespasses and sins in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedienceโ€” among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.

Ephesians 2:1-3

How many today have really embraced the reality of that from which we are saved because of who He is, not because of us. It about,

HIM, HIM, HIM!

Not

“US, US, US!”

But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christโ€”by grace you have been savedโ€” 

Ephesians 2:4-5

I am convinced that our primary focus in reading scripture should be eschatological from the start. Or as Steven Covey wrote,

Begin with the end in mind.

-7 Habits of Highly Effective People-

Blessed beย the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessingย in the heavenly places,ย even as heย chose us in himย before the foundation of the world, that we should beย holy and blameless before him. In loveย he predestined us forย adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ,ย according to the purpose of his will,ย to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us inย the Beloved.ย In him we haveย redemptionย through his blood,ย the forgiveness of our trespasses,ย according to the riches of his grace,ย which he lavished upon us, in all wisdom and insightย making known to us the mystery of his will,ย according to his purpose, which heย set forth in Christย as a plan forย the fullness of time,ย to unite all things in him, things in heaven and things on earth.

Ephesians 1:3-10

Maranatha

Lawlessness Increased

I wrote the blog Truth or Trump in 2019. The premise was that Christians frequently invalidate their witness via their engagement with mammon.  I illustrated how we all are subject to ideological, economic, and political manipulation via propaganda. Some are more prone to manipulation than others.

I have begun reconciling with one of my children who deconstructed and walked away from the faith in favor of leftist ideology. I say reconcile because I am guilty of viewing him through the lens of accusation and offense that characterizes so many “left versus right” debates. I called him a Marxist. He implied that I was a Fascist. At the end of the day all of our debates were rooted in the right to control “stuff” Karl Marx and bankers call it capitol.

For the love of money is the root of all evil: which while some coveted after, they have erred from the faith, and pierced themselves through with many sorrows.

1 Timothy 6:10

Nothing has really changed since the last election. The Donald is hyperbolically talking about 500 and 1000 percent tariffs on China, which produces most of our stuff, but apparently is charging too much for stuff we want. There are tariffs on NATO countries because they don’t pay their fair share for the weapons that protect our stuff from people we might need to kill because they want to take our stuff. Left and Right square off over who has the right to do what. Arguments are often framed as compassion for minorities and the underprivileged versus the rule of law and or the righteousness of God. At the end of the day, it always comes down to the allocation of stuff. Some are angry because immigrants without stuff risk their lives for the opportunity to get stuff. We should give them stuff because they don’t have stuff. Americans are mad because people without stuff are taking stuff from those who claim they have more rights to stuff because they were born in the land of plenty of stuff. The unspoken implication is that God demonstrates His preference for people via stuff.

At one point amidst our ideological jousting, my son posted a meme of Donald Trump immediately after he was shot.  It expressed regret that the shooter had missed. I became offended and I blocked him for a few days. I had succumbed to the very media manipulation I claimed to oppose.

Woe to me! Luke 17:1-4

It occurs to me that one of the greatest threats within the body of Christ in the last days is,

“And because lawlessness will be increased, the love of many will grow cold.” 

Matthew 24:12

Lawlessness is looting and violence. The very first murder resulted from a dispute over whose stuff was better. Genesis 4 I’ve always emphasized “lawlessness” in my understanding of Mathew 24. Then I recognized that my love for my own son was growing cold because I regarded his worldview as lawless. Those who departed were never with us, 1 John 2:19 I reasoned. That lawlessness will increase is a pure matter of fact. It will not be rectified until The Day of the Lord. Jesus was warning against becoming loveless due to our unmet expectations of others.

Long story short, things came to a head and we started dealing with the root of our anger and frustration that we had been projecting onto media narratives.

Today I am listening and seeking to understand more than being understood.

The reason I mention it here is that I’ve been meditating on the fellowship the body of Christ seeks to cultivate. Biblical Fellowship is koinลnรญa –  the share which one has in anything, intercourse, intimacy. I’m asking the Lord to reveal the root cause of what is preventing true koinลnรญa and the unity of the faith. Ephesians 4:11-14

I’ve been reading a book my son recommended that has helped to shape his post-deconstruction worldview. It is a book that I previously wouldn’t have touched with a ten-foot pole because its author is an admitted leftist. Reconciliation and understanding in my relationship with my son were my purpose. But the Lord is using it to answer my original question.

As it turns out, the book is well-sourced and solidly rooted in research. To paraphrase Henry Kissinger, history, as most of us know it, is the history of the winner, which is the state. The difference in Zinn’s work is that history is framed from the perspective of the losers, or what some Christians errantly call “the least of these” today.  Zinn said his point is not to grieve for the victims and denounce the executioners… Victims, themselves desperate and tainted with the culture that oppresses them, turn on other victims. While not mentioned by Zinn, the history of the church, especially the English Reformation, is a perfect example. The words of Isaiah and Paul began to echo in my mind as I read. “No one is righteous, not one…” And Micah,

He hath shewed thee, O man, what is good; and what doth the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?

Micah 6:8

Zinn quotes,

“The cry of the poor is not always just, but if you don’t listen to it, you will never know what justice is.”

Page 10

The first chapter covers the indigenous Haitians whom Christopher Columbus abused and murdered in the name of Jesus for gold, based on the God given authority granted to him in Romans 13. Adolf Hitler also cited Romans 13.

“Didn’t the first Christians share everything they had?” asked my son. “As a matter of fact, they did,” I said. It’s probably no coincidence that we are hitting on this very topic in our Bible study this week.

And they devoted themselves to the apostlesโ€™ teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers. And awe came upon every soul, and many wonders and signs were being done through the apostles. And all who believed were together and had all things in common. And they were selling their possessions and belongings and distributing the proceeds to all, as any had need. And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts, praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved.

Acts 2:42-47

Awe is Phobeo – terror, the Greek word from which the English word phobia is derived. More on fear in a bit

Political ideologies and historical narratives aside, money and possessions are always the root cause of love growing cold. It frequently manifests first in a loss of trust. This loss may be engendered by miscommunication, conflicting viewpoints regarding how something should be done, or spent, or genuine greed or malice. The accuser of the brethrenย then presents us with categories into which we divide ourselves. The accuser in Revelation 12:10 is katฤ“gorรฉล in Greek from which we get the English word category. We are leftists, fascists, Marxist millennials, boomers, right-wing extremists, white supremacists, lawyers, plaintifs, and accused…

“You were trusted but you didn’t meet my expectations. Now you are untrusted!”

Distrust then manifests as fear. Fear of being duped, which in turn is fear of losing control, leads us to question our discernment. When our discernment is in question we can’t even trust ourselves. So we bear down and become more guarded against categories of people we imagine will take our freedom, our stuff, and our illusions of control. Others do the same. It is within the context of the preservation of stuff and control of it that our limbic system and amygdala interpret stuff as self and self-preservation becomes paramount.

“Oh no! They aren’t doing that to me! They’re not getting my stuff!” We say.

Lawfare and warfare are the end result

Hence, we keep coming back to the first step toward freedom as believers.

Deny self.  Mathew 16:24

It’s easy to point the finger at the world and say, “What do you expect? It’s the world.” But Christians and Christian ministries are often no different. Sometimes they are worse. They might begin in sincere obedience to the Lord. Then their love grows cold as projects, buildings, supplies, positions, agendas, and capital to purchase and run it all overwhelm the original vision. People step on the proverbial toes of others and kick others to the curb in the name of countering any opposition to their agenda, which they have mistaken for God’s will. Like proverbial empty beer cans thrown in the trash when drained, we watch burned-out workers and volunteers disappear like silhouettes into a sunset, never breathing their names again. Victims of emotional and spiritual abuse are gaslit and dismissed in Jesus’ name, which has become synonymous with a given ministry, church corporation, or mission. Glorified self and personal pride are projected onto God as genuine moves of God are supplanted by fundraising as we market the God of our “stuff” ridden agendas in Jesusโ€™ name.

The church ceases to be a spiritual society when it is on the lookout for the develoment of its own organization.

-Oswald Chambers-
-My Utmost for His Highest-

I served a ministry run by a guy I’ll call FP for over a decade. He began by pulling homeless and trafficked Honduran children off the gang-ridden streets of Comayagua. It was a beautiful thing. But building a home for kids without stuff in a foreign country without stuff was harder than FP expected. As time went on the children became marketing tools for their own provision. I was the video-producing marketer. “If I build it they will come”, he’d say. There were about twenty kids at first. FP prophesied there would be three thousand people living in his refuge. The actual number maxed out at eighty.

Construction on one building would begin until they ran out of money. So FP began “robbing Peter to pay Paul”. He’d advertise plans for another building. That money would, in turn, be used to complete the first project. The chain continued, and a miniature Ponzi scheme was born in Jesus’ name. The bigger the Ponzi scheme got the more weight FP had upon his shoulders. He began traveling 360 days per year as an itinerant Preacher/ prophet.  A salesman by trade, FP had mastered the appeal to the love of self in others. “I see you going on a mission trip to Honduras!” he’d prophecy to the wealthy middle-aged women with low self-esteem. They would invariably weep because God had seen them and called them to missions. Oh, the significance!!

Then they’d write a check.

“The end justifies the means.” Said FP

“I’m saving children’s lives!”

Some people saw through the chicanery and began to confront him. “You don’t like how I’m doing it? Well, I don’t like how you’re not doing it! He bit back. That’s when image management became the priority. “Don’t touch God’s anointed!” FP’s wife, TP, warned. Of course, FP had his public relations henchmen, one of whom was me, to guard his reputation. “I’m his armor bearer!” I’d proudly proclaim. After all, I was helping to build a system to save orphans for God!! There is a website with myriad people calling FP out for abuse and false prophecy. I am all over it, anonymously defending the man who, at the time, I truly believed was the real deal. In truth, I was blind to the fact that I was falling for the same appeal to self.

“Your videos probably raised a million dollars!” He’d say.

Oh, the significance of me!!

“I didn’t know you thought like that,” Cathy says. “Neither did I.” Pride is blinding. We rarely see it clearly in ourselves except in retrospect after we have repented.

I’m not sure if FP’s depravity increased over time or if God simply opened my eyes. But we had to part ways because the spiritual abuse and deception became too much to ignore. There were points along the way where I thought the growing conflict between us would turn physical. FP had a violent temper and he saw no reason to repent.ย For a while, I thought it was my job to convince him to repent. Yet the Lord was after my repentance. I knew my time with FP was done. But the Lord would not release me while I remained in active offense. I remember standing in the chapel above the Refuge in Honduras we’d helped to build when I was prompted by the Lord to pick up two stones. I heard in my mind “You can throw them at FP and be just like him. Or you can release him to me andย I will release you.” Weeping, I dropped the stones and forgave. A month later we moved to the mountains. That was six years ago.

Back to Acts 2

I suspect that the economic selflessness described in Acts 2 is not a picture of a system of economics to be implemented by the church in fulfilment of a Seven Mountains Mandate to change the world. Neither do I believe it is a purposeful rejection of capitalism in favor of Socialism and Communism as liberation / social gospel adherents assert. I don’t believe the newborn church in Acts 2 sold all their possessions to care for the poor because they pitied them. Rather they relinquished ownership of their stuff because they realized that no one on earth owns anything. Economic freedom begins with a clear understanding that God is the owner and provider of everything. The freedom and power to relinquish material possessions and the accompanying illusions of control only come with genuine and utter dependence on Him. That dependence is never a product of mere desperation. Rather, it is a product of absolute trust. That trust results in peace beyond understanding as it whispers,

“I know that I know that my Father will provide all that I need.”

Given that stuff seems to be the root driving force behind all politically powered lawfare and warfare, in and out of the church, it makes sense that God would begin the first church with the renunciation of all attachments to stuff. I suspect the fear of God that came upon the believers at Pentecost was the catalyst that initially fueled their detachment from stuff. The koinลnรญa that empowered the Acts 2 Church to fulfill its call is not possible amidst our obsession with the stuff of self-gratification. The freedom from self manifested in stuff and the control of it was the soil in which the teachings of the Apostles could come to life. They had the revelation that they were a family. Then

God, (not themselves) added to their number every day.

The reconciliation of all of God’s children – all of Abraham’s descendants, both Issac and Ishmael, is the ministry of reconciliation to which all in Christ are called. 2 Corinthians 5:16-21

As we will see, the early church fell on brutally hard times filled with suffering and persecution. Every Apostle was tortured and or martyred. Hence, I suspect the model presented in Acts 2 is not a method for economic altruism, let alone individual comfort, peace, and prosperity. Rather it was and is vital preparation for the endurance that was and is required for the coming days.

And because lawlessness will be increased, the love of many will grow cold. But the one who endures to the end will be saved.

Mathew 24:12-13

By the way, the featured images are not of lawless leftists or Neo Nazis wreaking havoc in the streets, but Philadelphia Eagles fans rioting over a football game that their team won.

Maranatha

Pentecost Continued…

Peter’s Sermon Part 1

Peter the Apostle did not start out as an Apostle. And while he was not “THE ROCK”, as the Catholic Church asserts, he was definitely Smart Like a Rock. Peter occasionally began with what looked like understanding, only to prove he had very little, if any, real understanding of what Jesus taught until Holy Spirit crashed in at Pentecost to lead him and others into all truth.

There was a rushing wind, and onlookers heard what sounded like mindless babbling and assumed everyone was drunk.

But Peter, standing with the eleven, lifted up his voice and addressed them: โ€œMen of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and give ear to my words. For these people are not drunk, as you suppose, since it is only the third hour of the day. But this is what was uttered through the prophet Joel:

Acts 2:14-16

Peter begins with an appeal to reason. One hundred twenty men and women, the devotion of which was clearly evidenced by their ten days of prayerful obedience, were not drunk, especially at 9 AM in the morning. He could have begun with the age-old irrefutable proposition,

“The Lord told me…”

I mention this because some people believe that the litmus test for God’s presence and voice is the defiance of all reason and logic. Of course, God can and does transcend our perceptions of reality and truth. However, eccentricity is not proof of Holiness. Rather, it proves that God works despite our weirdness and weakness. 1 Corinthians 1:27-31 is not a call to be foolish. It is a declaration of God’s character and purpose. He is the author of truth that includes the laws of logic and reason. The scientific method is the fruit of devout men and women who recognized complexity and design and sought to know more about the designer through his design.

It is the glory of God toย conceal things,
ย ย ย ย but the glory of kings is toย search things out.

Proverbs 25:2

This is important as we contrast the beginning of the church with the body of Christ today, because there has been a growing anti-intellectual movement within the charismatic stream since the 1990s.

In any case, Peter began his argument logically according to scripture, and in the context of God’s ultimate eschatological plan.

And it shall come to pass afterward,
    that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh;
your sons and your daughters shall prophesy,
    your old men shall dream dreams,
    and your young men shall see visions.
Even on the male and female servants
    in those days I will pour out my Spirit.
โ€œAnd I will show wonders in the heavens and on the earth, blood and fire and columns of smoke. The sun shall be turned to darkness, and the moon to blood, before the great and awesome day of the Lord comes. And it shall come to pass that everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved. For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those who escape, as the Lord has said, and among the survivors shall be those whom the Lord calls.

Joel 2:28-32

Some people read Joel Chapter 2ย  in the context of the destruction of Jerusalem and the dispersion of Israel by the Roman emperor Hadrian in 70AD. This is called Preterism. Preterists assert that what Jesus called

…great tribulation,ย such as has not been from the beginning of the world until now, no, and never will be...

Mathew 24:21

took place in full in 70 AD. Preterists tend be be postmillennial or amillenial regarding the 1000-year reign of Christ in Revelation 20.

Jesus’s declaration, “It is finished!” – telรฉล (paid in full) on the cross is interpreted as His statement of completion. They believe that since Jesus has been given all authority and is seated on the throne then God’s rule on earth is already established. Postmillennialists claim we are in the 1000-year reign the end of which culminates with the return of Christ. In contrast, Amillennialists claim that the millennial reign in Revelation 20 is metaphorical. In both cases, it is the job of the church on earth to “Christianize” society in preparation for Christ’s return.

In contrast, premillennialists see Christ returning after the great tribulation to judge the world and establish the thousand-year reign on earth. The end times began on Pentecost and continue today until “It is done!” in Revelation 21:6. The beginning of the end is marked by the fulfillment of the first part of the prophet Joel’s declaration.

And it shall come to pass afterward,
ย ย ย ย thatย I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh;
your sons andย your daughters shall prophesy,
ย ย ย ย your old men shall dream dreams,
ย ย ย ย and your young men shall see visions.
Even on the male and female servants
ย ย ย ย in those days I will pour out my Spirit.

The complete fulfillment is on God’s timeline, not ours, as described in the very eschatological chapter three of 2 Peter.

But do not overlook this one fact, beloved, that with the Lord one day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day.

2 Peter 3:8

Let the reader note, the mere fact that one verse follows another does not in itself imply an immediate and linear chain of events.

In my opinion, the beginning of Joel 2 describes the scene when Jerusalem was sacked in 70AD, which is itself a prophetic foreshadowing of the future great tribulation. The concluding verses mark the beginning of the last days, marked by Holy Spirit being poured out on all flesh and the church being born. The remaining events appear to reflect those described in places like Mathew 24.

โ€œImmediately afterย the tribulation of those daysย the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light, andย the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken.ย Thenย will appear in heavenย the sign of the Son of Man, and thenย all the tribes of the earmth will mourn, andย they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heavenย with power and great glory.ย Andย he will send out his angels with a loudย trumpet call, and they willย gatherย his elect fromย the four winds,ย from one end of heaven to the other.

Mathew 24:29-31

Another important point for contemporary Bereans is that Peter immediately goes to scripture in his interpretation of the present event. His prompt was from Holy Spirit, who leads us into all truth. John 14:26, John 16:13, 1 John 2:27

Prophetic declarations abound today. Much of it is person-centered and is better defined as words of knowledge. Some represent false signs and wonders. Other prophecies are just foolish babble. The testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy. Revelation 19:10 One of the best ways to test prophecy as we are commanded in 2 Thess 5:19-22 is by determining who or what is glorified. Genuine prophecy is characterized by new and or deeper revelation of God, His glory, and His plan as it is outlined in scripture. At the very least, it does not add to or contradict scripture. Galatians 1:8-9 Hence, Peter at Pentecost is the perfect example of genuine prophetic preaching.

Peter concludes his quotation of Joel with,

And it shall come to pass that everyone who calls on the name of the Lord shall be saved. 

Acts 2:21

I find it notable that Peter only quotes the first part of Joel 2:32. The full context of Joel 2 is eschatological yet Peter homes in on soteriology (the study of salvation) as he begins his apologia.

I often see contemporary believers mired in debates related to the end times. Even unbelievers are drawn by discussions about the anti-Christ, the mark of the beast, etc. U.S. presidents and other world leaders are popular candidates. Most of this reflects too much time spent on social media and TV rather than searching the scripture.

Peter remains Christocentric in his approach.

For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those who escape, as the Lord has said, and among the survivors shall be those whom the Lord calls.

Joel 2:32

among the survivors shall be those whom the Lord calls?

The overarching theme that we often water down or neglect entirely is that if salvation exists, then there is something from which people need to be saved. Any conversation regarding the end of the age (the eschaton) must include the reality that any one of us could meet our end before tomorrow. If those who call on the Lord are saved, then those who don’t are not. And what exactly does it mean to call on the Lord?

So often, I see false conversions because Jesus is framed as a proverbial magic happy pill to make whatever discomfort we may be experiencing go away. The teens and adults to whom we minister, frequently tell me,

“I got baptized because I thought it would make everything better.”

It didn’t.”

How can there be understanding of our life in Christ if there is no understanding of our condition and destiny apart from Him? Life in Christ is not a call to live our best life now. It is a call to sell everything we have up to and including our very lives in the flesh for an eternal inheritance, the down-payment of which is the indwelling of Holy Spirit while we live on earth. Ephesians 1:11-14 Life in Christ on earth is not a free ticket out of fire and tribulation. It is a promise of fire and tribulation into and through which He will accompany us.

It often seems that we don’t want to tell people the whole truth because we think we need to market Jesus. We might mention condemnation and hell in passing. Then sell Jesus like a used car instead of preaching His entire Gospel. Fearing God is no longer phobeoterror as in the terror of being accursed for twisting or redacting God’s Word. Fear is most often translated as “awe”. Contemporary awe is sweet like the awe of biting into a delicious piece of cake. One man equated the presence of God to mainlining Jesus like heroin as he motioned sticking a needle into his vein.

“So good!…”

Whatever happened to,

Therefore let us be grateful for receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, and thus let us offer to God acceptable worship, with reverence and awe, for our God is a consuming fire.

Hebrews 12:28-29

Clearly, Peter, who had sworn he would die with Jesus, then denied him three times less than two months before, was now fully convinced and ready to walk his talk. He boldly proclaimed,

Men of Israel, hear these words: Jesus of Nazareth, a man attested to you by God with mighty works and wonders and signs that God did through him in your midst, as you yourselves knowโ€” this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men

Many of us are ready in season and out of season to share the gospel with broken people. But how many of us have proclaimed the same truth to those with the desire and power to marginalize or destroy us?ย  Even as I write, powerful ministers are being exposed as wolves for their abuse of those they claimed they were called to serve. I’m talking about decades of abuse and cover-up with no sign of repentance. The overarching theme in all of these cases was multitudes of people who knew but didnโ€™t say anything because they were afraid of repercussions.

Peter sets the standard in the opening of his sermon. It is a standard of boldness in proclaiming truth regardless of the consequences. It would seem that he had a revelation of his true identity. It resulted in his being persecuted for righteousness’ sake and ultimately crucified like Christ. Some historians claim he was crucified upside down per his request because he didnโ€™t think he was worthy of being crucified like Jesus.ย 

Chew on that.

Maranatha

Modern Tower of Babel?

The previous post covered the history and Old Testament foreshadowings of Pentecost. This week I’d like to discuss their application within the contemporary body of Christ.

Recap

The Lord appeared in a storm on Mount Sinai and gave Moses the Law.  Holy Spirit was given amidst a rushing wind in Acts 2. The very same people groups whose language God confounded at the Tower of Babel in Genesis 11 had their communication and understanding restored at Pentecost.

We discussed that the people in Genesis 11 were in one accord. They aimed to make a name (Shem in Hebrew, pronounced Shame) for themselves. Shem is reputation, fame, and glory. In a word, they had unity in their community rooted in glorifying self.

In contrast, the believers in Acts 2 were in one accord. Their unity was rooted in collective obedience to the commands of Jesus.

And while staying with them he ordered them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for the promise of the Father, which, he said, โ€œyou heard from me; for John baptized with water, but you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.โ€

Acts 1:4

When God restored communication and understanding in Acts 2, they declared,

we hear them telling in our own tongues the mighty works of God.

Acts 2:11

Simply put, the correct view and starting point is always God centered and leads to more consecration and holiness. The errant view is increasingly self-centered, albeit in Jesusโ€™s name, and leads to heresy, sin, and falling away.

Given that one of our goals in choosing to study the book of Acts, in our Acts 17:11 Bereans Bible Study, is to examine the original function and purpose of the church and then grade ourselves on how we are doing today.

So How Are We Doing?

If your first response is, “Wonderful! Just look at the baptisms, and the worship, and the community!…” I say, “Maybe look again.”

It’s probably no coincidence that I am reading my grandmother’s book from when she was on the mission field in China. I haven’t actually read it in at least fifteen years. One thing that sticks out to me all the more this time around is the fear of God in which she was raised. She had an incredibly loving Christian home. Her family’s walk with the Lord emphasized the importance of self-discipline and character. Doing everything unto the Lord because He is always watching builds character.

She pursued her long-standing call from God to the China mission in 1929 as the Great Depression hit. Millionaires turned paupers were jumping off skyscrapers and Mission donations and funding had dried up. But God provided all she needed and more.

Meanwhile, Charles, my grandfather-to-be, was attempting to court her at the time. I guess he was hoping the China mission would never come to fruition. They were the best of friends and my grandmother was torn between marrying him or fulfilling her call from God. Obedience rooted in character triumphed. She broke the news to him on what Episcopalians call Whitsunday. Whitsunday is Pentecost. My grandmother wrote,

Whitsunday is a good day for re-consecration, and a good day to make a new beginning. Charlie must forget. I’m sure that somehow things will turn out all right with him too.

-Francis Jenner Gray-

I can only imagine how my grandfather must have felt at the time. Apparently, his perseverance remained undaunted. The recurring motif among all the speakers at his funeral was the memory of his endurance. 

My grandmother was forced to return home when Japan invaded China. My grandfather had prepared a place for the woman he knew was his bride-to-be.

My grandmother listed the characteristics of a Christian given in a sermon by a Mr. Day based on The Sermon on the Mount, on that Whitsunday. They are as follows;

A consciousness of spiritual needs, sympathetic understanding of others,  a consciousness of one’s own failings, a constant and earnest effort to improve, courage, the ability to nip evil or unworthy thoughts in the bud, honesty, sincerity, complete trust in God, unselfishness, perfection, never being satisfied with less while there is something higher to strive for.

– Mr. Day – The Teachings of Jesus-

One thing I have noted in my grandmother’s writings is the absence of any emphasis upon self. It got me to thinking more about our contemporary approach to identity. I never noticed or saw any emphasis or even the acknowledgement of an individual “identity in Christ” in any Christian writings before Todd White made it a buzzword within the stream where I was first saved. So I did some research.

As it turns out…

Thomas Merton first mentioned “identity in Christ” in the 1950s. Yet it wasn’t until the integration of psychology and theology became popularized in the 1980s that “knowing your identity” in Western Christianity, as it is commonly understood today, became a core tenet of the faith within evangelical and charismatic streams. I used to read Thomas Merton early in my walk. His willingness to merge Christian teachings with Eastern mysticism in the context of what he called Contemplative Prayer made Christianity more palatable within seeker-friendly circles. Ironically, the most anti-psychology ministers like Todd White became the most dogmatic regarding identity as doctrine.

It would seem that Western culture has become so narcissistic by default that we can not grasp the idea that we might be worshiping the very self that Jesus commands us to deny. Mat 16:24 Don’t believe it? Try counting the number of times I, me, we, us, etc. are mentioned in any contemporary Christian song. Then contrast it with the number of times God is mentioned. If the Lord is mentioned it’s usually in the context of what He thinks and feels about

“Us! Us! Us!”

Why am I harping on identity again? Because it is a modern Tower of Babel. Believers at the first Pentecost did not proclaim their identity. They proclaimed the good works of God. Acts 2:11  Paul acknowledged that all who are in Christ Jesus are new creations. That’s a fact. The problem isn’t that people don’t understand their identity. The problem is that people with one foot in the world don’t want to deal with that foot.

But regarding himself Paul called himself the least of the Apostles, not even worthy to be called an Apostle. He referred to himself as the offscouring of all things. He admitted he had the most worldly reasons to boast. Yet said he would boast in his weaknesses so that Christ’s power would rest upon him. Nowhere in the Bible do we find anyone proclaiming the need to know one’s identity in Christ. Knowing your identity is like knowing your name. Nursery school children know their names. Rather,

For you have died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God. When Christ who is your life appears, then you also will appear with him in glory.

Colossians 3:3-4

Identity is part of the future fulfillment of God’s promises. It is a fact. We accept it and believe it in faith. Faith is the substance of things hoped for, the evidence of things not seen. In the meantime, we see as in a dark glass. We cannot and will not fully understand our true identity in Christ until He returns. Mathew 24:29-31. In the meantime, we are commanded to deny self.

Denyaparnรฉomai –To utterly disown, abstain, to affirm that one has no acquaintance or connection with someone, to forget one’s self, lose sight of one’s self and one’s own interests.

– Strongs Concordance –

We all have our Towers of Babel that tempt us with which we must contend. What are these exactly? Anything that causes us to focus on ourselves, emphasize ourselves, gratify ourselves, justify ourselves, or rationalize our self-centeredness is a good place to start. It could be found in the praise of man or the lack thereof. It could be within a hesitancy to share what we have. It could be in the praises we receive from others for giving so much. It could be in our refusal to raise our hands and jump up and down during worship in the name of our imagined dignity. It can be found in the amplified histrionics of those who notice the camera is pointed their way during worship. At the end of the day, the modern Tower of Babel is anything that results in our mistaking the rush of dopamine into our synapses as the manifest presence of God. Watchman Nee called it The Latent Power of the Soul. Hence the modern name for the Tower of Babel is addiction, the root of which every successful recovering addict understands is the obsession with self. True freedom is freedom from the bondage of self. As it says in the third step prayer,

โ€œRelieve me of the bondage of self, that I may better do Thy will.โ€…

– AA Big Book –

Are you obsessed with self? The truth is that we all are to some degree. Hence, Jesus’s first requirement for those who would follow after Him. We are to utterly disown, abstain from, have no acquaintance with the unholy trinity of ME, MYSELF, and I otherwise known as,

Us! Us! Us!

Maranatha

Pentecost

And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place.
And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting.

Acts 2:1-2

Pentecost is the 5th of eight feasts, sometimes called the second of three Great Feasts of the Lord established before God created man.

And God said, โ€œLet there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night. And let them be for signs and for seasons, and for days and years,

Genesis 1:14

Seasons in Hebrew is mow`ed, an appointed time, meeting, or feast. A place of, assembly, congregation… God appointed These Feasts, which were formally established in Leviticus 23.

The Lord spoke to Moses, saying, โ€œSpeak to the people of Israel and say to them, These are the appointed feasts of the Lord that you shall proclaim as holy convocations; they are my appointed feasts.

Leviticus 23:1

Convocations is miqra’ something called out, i.e. a public meeting, a rehearsal.

Pentecost is the conclusion of the Feast of Weeks. A week is seven days. Seven weeks is 49 days. The fiftieth day is Pentecost. Pente is fifty. The Feast of Weeks follows the Feast of First Fruits, the beginning of the forty-nine-day harvest marked by a daily counting of the Omer. An Omer was a dry measure that would be about two quarts of wheat today. The counting of the Omer signified the connection between Passover and the giving of the Torah (The Ten Commandments) to Moses on Mount Sinai or Shavuot. Shavuot was the first Pentecost.

It is important to note that the Great Feast of Passover, which originated in Exodus 12, contains three feasts, Passover, Unleavened Bread, and First Fruits. Jesus was the fulfillment of all three feasts. Biblically speaking, Fulfillment means to give the correct interpretation of something. Think of it as the difference between seeing a photograph of someone and then meeting them for the first time in person. The meeting is the fulfillment. Jesus fulfilled all three Feasts. He was crucified on the day of Passover. He was in the tomb during the Feast of Unleavened Bread. He was resurrected at the commencement of the Feast of First Fruits. Hence, Paul is speaking literally in 1 Corinthians 15.

But in fact Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.

1 Corinthians 15:20

The God’s chosen people were rehearsing the death and resurrection of Jesus for at least 1500 years but missed Jesus when He came. That should give all of us reason to pause and reflect.

Shavuot

On the morning of the third day there were thunders and lightnings and a thick cloud on the mountain and a very loud trumpet blast, so that all the people in the camp trembled. 

Exodus 19:16

The giving of the Law, the Torah, the Ten Commandments came amidst a storm after three days of consecration. Some versions say sanctify.

When Moses told the words of the people to the Lord, the Lord said to Moses, โ€œGo to the people and consecrate them today and tomorrow, and let them wash their garments and be ready for the third day. For on the third day the Lord will come down on Mount Sinai in the sight of all the people.

Exodus 19:10-11

Consecrate is qadash –  prepare, dedicate, be hallowed, be holy, be sanctified, be separate.

In Acts chapter two, the 120 had consecrated themselves in prayer. They were of one accord. Accord in Greek is homothymadรณn

Homothymadรณn is a unique Greek word, used 10 of its 12 New Testament occurrences in the Book of Acts, helps us understand the uniqueness of the Christian community. Homothumadon is a compound of two words meaning to “rushalong” and “in unison”. The image is almost musical; a number of notes are sounded which, while different, harmonise in pitch and tone. As the instruments of a great concert under the direction of a concert master, so the Holy Spirit blends together the lives of members of Christ’s church.

– Strongs Concordance-

The first Pentecost was characterized by rebellion of all involved, including Moses, who broke the first tablets in a fit of rage when he saw the Israelites worshipping the golden calf. In contrast, the fulfillment of Pentecost was characterized by radical obedience to the command of Jesus among all involved. The first Pentecost took place after three days of waiting for the law. It seems to me those three days were a foreshadowing of three days in the tomb before the fulfillment of the law came in the resurrected Jesus.

The fulfillment of Pentecost came after ten days in the upper room. We know it was ten days because Jesus ascended on the 40th day of the Feast of Weeks. Pentecost came ten days later. The first Pentecost began with thunder and lightning, a thick cloud, and a very loud trumpet blast... The fulfillment of Pentecost came with a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, that filled all the house… The people were terrified on the first Pentecost. The fulfillment of Pentecost  brought the comforter.

But the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, whom the Father will send in my name, he shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance, whatsoever I have said unto you.

John 14:26

The promised Holy Spirit came. Then Galilaens, Parthians, and Medes, Elamites, and Mesopotamians, Judaeans and Cappadocians, in Pontus, and Asia, Phrygia, and Pamphylia, Egypt, Libya, Cyrene, strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes, Cretes and Arabians, heard everyone speak the in their own language.

Approximately two thousand years after God confounded the language of men at the Tower of Babel in Genesis 11, Holy Spirit restores the understanding of the very same people groups at Pentecost.

The motivation for building a tower to heaven was self glorification.

And they said, Go to, let us build us a city and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.

Genesis 11:4

Name is Shem, ironically pronounced Shame.  It means reputation, fame, and glory. They wanted to glorify their name, not God’s.

And the Lord said, Behold, the people is one, and they have all one language; and this they begin to do: and now nothing will be restrained from them, which they have imagined to do.

Genesis 11:6

The people in Genesis 11 were of one accord to glorify themselves. Therefore God broke the accord.

Go to, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.

Genesis 11:7

In contrast, the 120 were in one accord. Holy Spirit came, restored thier understanding and they did

hear them speak in their tongues the wonderful works of God.

Acts 2:11

How ironic that the root issue in Genesis 11 is rectified in verse 11 of Acts 2.  It’s no coincidence that self-glorification remains the core struggle for the body of Christ today. Let’s pay attention as we move on in Acts. Are the Apostles and disciples primarily focused on their identity, authority, gifting, and power? Or does their spiritual self-esteem take a back seat for His namesake and glory?

Maranatha

Casting Lots

The Book of Acts records the ministry of the Holy Spirit in the birth and growth of the church. The overarching theme among believers is obedience beginning with 10 days of prayer as they waited in the upper room.

The first Twelve Apostles were chosen by Jesus. They walked with Him and talked with Him until He was arrested following His betrayal by Judas. Peter explained that David prophesied the replacement of Judas in Psalms 69 and 109.

So one of the men who have accompanied us during all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, beginning from the baptism of John until the day when he was taken up from usโ€”one of these men must become with us a witness to his resurrection.โ€ And they put forward two, Joseph called Barsabbas, who was also called Justus, and Matthias. And they prayed and said, โ€œYou, Lord, who know the hearts of all, show which one of these two you have chosen to take the place in this ministry and apostleship from which Judas turned aside to go to his own place.โ€ And they cast lots for them, and the lot fell on Matthias, and he was numbered with the eleven apostles.

Acts 1:21-26

There were two ways that lots were cast. One would be to throw two stones with markings likened to a “yes” or a “no”. The other was done with a bag of stones. One stone was black. The others were white. The black stone was the determining factor. Acts does not tell us which method was employed in choosing Matthias. All we know is that Matthias was chosen by God who spoke through the process.

It might be easy to pass over these verses thinking that knowing Matthias replaced Judas is enough.

Another important point is the criteria for the office of Apostle.

  1. Called by Jesus.
  2. Walked with Jesus from His Baptism by John through His crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension.

This seems to be the primary reason why many outside the charismatic stream so fervently declare,

There are no Apostles today!

“But Matthias wasn’t chosen by Jesus,” you say. The Apostles alone made the choice between the two candidates. Did they?

And they cast lots for them, and the lot fell on Matthias, and he was numbered with the eleven apostles.

As it turns out the casting of lots was a carryover from the Priestly Urim and Thummim.

The Urim and Thummim, Exodus 28, are somewhat ambiguous regarding their composition and use. We know they were located in the breastplate and were used in clarifying God’s will where His will was not clear. At first look, the casting of lots might be likened to the contemporary practice of flipping a coin. The difference is that God, not probability, determined the outcome.

The lot is cast into the lap,
    but its every decision is from the Lord.

Proverbs 16:33

And in the breastpiece of judgment you shall put the Urim and the Thummim, and they shall be on Aaron’s heart, when he goes in before the Lord. Thus Aaron shall bear the judgment of the people of Israel on his heart before the Lord regularly.

Exodus 28:30

The Hebrew word for Judgment in Exodus 28, mishpat, is the same word for Decision in Proverbs 16. Hence the correlation between lot casting and the Urim and Thummim.

That said, decision-making by casting lots is found throughout the Bible. Land was divided by casting lots in Numbers 26:55. David organized the priests according to lot in 1 Chronicles 24. Sailors determined Jonah had caused God’s wrath to come on the ship in Jonah 1:7.

I should mention that lot casting was also done by pagans as evidenced by the division of Jesus’s clothing while He hung on the cross in Mathew 27:35. The difference is in the prayerful inquiry regarding God’s will.

So why don’t we cast lots today? My best guess is that lot casting was done before Holy Spirit was made available to all believers. We don’t cast lots today because we can come boldly to the throne of Grace. Heb 4:16 If we need confirmation of what Holy Spirit is saying, we can get it by two or more witnesses. 2 Cor 13:1

So then Matthias was the last of the Apostles? What about Paul? He never walked with Jesus. He didn’t see Him crucified, and certainly didn’t witness His resurrection. Paul’s encounter with Jesus began with a rebuke and three days of blindness while on the road to Damascus. That was followed by divine healing and a call to be an apostle to the Gentiles by someone he had never met. As we will see later, that person only knew Paul by divine revelation and obedience to God.

So are there genuine Apostles on earth today? Lots of people claim the office. I am not aware of any scripture that clearly states that none can exist. Quite the contrary.

And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to mature manhood, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ, 

Ephesians 4:11-12

Rick Renner points out the fact that the original meaning of the word Apostle was akin to an admiral. These admirals would sail to uncivilized places and colonize them. Hence they were colonizers. They would bring teachers and builders and establish civilization where none existed. New Testament Apostles planted Churches. As we will continue to see, Paul is the one who ultimately defines what is and is not Apostolic. Interestingly he names patience as the first gifting of an Apostle in 2 Corinthians.

Truly the signs of an apostle were wrought among you in all patience, in signs, and wonders, and mighty deeds.

2 Corinthians 12:12

In any case,discerning true Apostles from false ones was important enough for Jesus to point out in the letter to the church in Ephesus.

I know your works, your toil and your patient endurance, and how you cannot bear with those who are evil, but have tested those who call themselves apostles and are not, and found them to be false…

Revelation 2:2

We will discuss this along with the other offices in the five-fold ministry as we read more about the foundations of the church in the book of Acts. The takeaway for me this week is that I need to constantly remind myself not to glance over seemingly insignificant details in the Bible.

Maranatha

Acts: Background and Mystery

The Gospel of Luke was written by Luke. However, Luke was not one of the original 12 Disciples and never saw Jesus face to face. That said, Luke is regarded as the most credible historical source for this time and casts himself in the role of a historian in Luke 1:1-4. More than a few scholars like William Mitchel Ramsay, have tried to refute Luke’s authorship. Yet archaeological discoveries have repeatedly verified Luke’s accounts in Acts. This matters because Acts is in fact, a continuation of the book of Luke.

What other evidence do we have that Luke wrote Acts?


The “we” narratives in Acts 16:10โ€“17; 20:5โ€“15; 21:1โ€“18; 27:1โ€“28:16 indicate that the author was a traveling companion of Paul on his missionary journeys. Luke is named as one of Paul’s closest associates in Col. 4:14; Phlm 24:2, Tim 4:11.ย 

Acts was regarded as a continuation of the Gospel of Luke because the prologue of Acts 1:1-2 references a former account, the book of Luke. This is further supported by the fact that Acts is addressed to Theophilus, Acts 1:1, as is the Gospel of Luke. Luke 1:3.ย Theophilus translates to “Lover of God” in Greek. It is questionable whether Theophilus was a specific individual or if Luke was addressing his general readership as “lovers of God”.ย In any case, both books share a similar writing style, vocabulary, and theological theme, suggesting a common author.ย 

Irenaeus, who was discipled by Polycarp, who was discipled by John, explicitly attributes Acts to Luke in his book “Against Heresies”.  Other early witnesses include Clement of Alexandria, Tertullian, Origen, and Eusebius, all affirming Luke’s authorship. No early Christian accounts attribute Acts to anyone but Luke.

We could go on with more evidence, but I think it’s safe to say that Luke wrote Acts. Still, it is more important to grasp the underlying Acts 17:11 Berean supporting argument presented as proof of Luke’s authorship. The reason is that disputing authorship is often the enemy’s first mode of attack on the credibility of God’s word. The argument usually begins along the lines of, “If the author is fake, then how can we say the book isn’t fake?” At the end of the day, Acts is an apologetic work rooted in verified history and the fulfillment of scripture. Our chief underlying presupposition remains the same.

All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.

2 Timothy 3:16-17

Hence, the book of Acts is a work of Holy Spirit.

Luke begins Acts with a reiteration of the forty days following Jesusโ€™s resurrection covered in Luke 24. Jesus promises the baptism of Holy Spirit. Luke 24:50 tells us that the ascension took place in Bethany less than half a mile from Jerusalem. Luke expands on the ascension beginning in Acts 1:6

So when they had come together, they asked him, โ€œLord, will you at this time restore the kingdom to Israel?โ€ He said to them, โ€œIt is not for you to know times or seasons that the Father has fixed by his own authority. 

Acts 1:6-7

As it says in 1 Corinthians 1:23, the crucifixion was a stumbling block to the Jews. The Jewish disciples were expecting a warrior king for a messiah who would restore Jewish rule over Israel. Even the disciples whom Jesus personally taught in Mat 24:3-31 didn’t understand. Now that He was resurrected they thought He would establish His Kingdom on earth. Instead, in verse 8, Jesus tells them they will receive the power to lay the foundation for the eventual Heavenly Kingdom.

They remain confused.

And when he had said these things, as they were looking on, he was lifted up, and a cloud took him out of their sight. And while they were gazing into heaven as he went, behold, two men stood by them in white robes, and said, โ€œMen of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.โ€

Acts 1:9-11

This is deeply powerful. The angel reiterated the very thing that had so enraged Caiaphas when Jesus was first arrested as the disciples witnessed a partial fulfillment of prophecy.

But Jesus remained silent. And the high priest said to him, โ€œI adjure you by the living God, tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God.โ€ Jesus said to him, โ€œYou have said so. But I tell you, from now on you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power and coming on the clouds of heaven.โ€ Then the high priest tore his robes and said, โ€œHe has uttered blasphemy. What further witnesses do we need? You have now heard his blasphemy. What is your judgment?โ€ They answered, โ€œHe deserves death.โ€ Then they spit in his face and struck him. And some slapped him, saying, โ€œProphesy to us, you Christ! Who is it that struck you?โ€

Mathew 26:63-68

Caiaphas understood that Jesus had declared He was God via His quotation of Daniel.

 โ€œI saw in the night visions,and behold, with the clouds of heaven
    there came one like a son of man,
and he came to the Ancient of Days
    and was presented before him.
 And to him was given dominion
    and glory and a kingdom,
that all peoples, nations, and languages
    should serve him;
his dominion is an everlasting dominion,
    which shall not pass away,
and his kingdom one
    that shall not be destroyed.

Daniel 7:13-14

Unlike most of the book of Daniel that was written in Hebrew, Daniel 7 was written in Aramaic. This is significant because “Son of Man” in Hebrew (ben adam) means “son of Adam”. “Son of Man” in Aramaic bar ‘ฤ›noลก is a declaration of deity. Jesus spoke Aramaic to Caiaphas and declared His deity. Hence the violent reaction that followed.

Before His crucifixion, Jesus quoted Daniel 7 when explaining His return following the tribulation, Mathew 24.

โ€œImmediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light, and the stars will fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken.  Then will appear in heaven the sign of the Son of Man, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. And he will send out his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.

Mathew 24:29-31

The partial fulfillment of prophecy in the ascension points to the partial fulfillment of Jesus’s earthly purpose. Sin and eternal death are conquered on the cross. The Kingdom of God remains to be fulfilled. Consider this mind-boggling mystery and prophetic confirmation, and we are only eleven verses into the book of Acts!

Buckle up!

Maranatha

Here is a timeline of the book of Acts for historical and contextual reference. I will print hard copies for our regular Bible study attendees. Let me know if you want a copy.

Tiberius is the Emperor of Rome – 14-37 AD 

 

Pontius Pilate Governor of Judaea – 26-37 AD 

 

Jesusโ€™ Death, Burial, and Ascension – 29 AD – Luke 23-Acts 1

 

Matthias is Chosen as the 12th Apostle – 29 AD – Acts 1:15-26

 

The Day of Pentecost – 29 AD – Acts 2

 

3,000 People Baptized – 29 AD – Acts 2:41

 

The Disciples Enjoy Daily Fellowship – 29 AD – Acts 2:42-47

 

Peter and John Heal a Lame Man at the Temple – 29 AD – Acts 3:1-10

 

Peter Preaches in the Portico of Solomon – 29 AD – Acts 3:26

 

Peter and John Arrested by the Council – 29 AD – Acts 4:1-22

 

The Holy Spirit Fills the Disciples – 29 AD – Acts 4:23-31

 

The Believers Share Their Possessions – 29-31 AD – Acts 4:32-35

 

Barnabas Sells a Field and Contributes the Money – 29-31 AD – Acts 4:36-37

 

Ananias and Sapphira Die for Lying – 29-31 AD – Acts 5:11

 

 

The Disciples Grow in Number and Work Miracles – 29-31 AD – Acts 5:12-16

 

The Apostles are Arrested but Freed by an Angel – 29-35 AD – Acts 5:17-25

 

The Apostles are Questioned by the Council – 29-35 AD – Acts 5:26-42

 

7 Men Chosen to Care for the Neglected Widows – 31-35 AD – Acts 6:1-7

 

Stephen Arrested and Stoned – 33-35 AD – Acts 6:8-7:60

 

Paul Persecutes the Church – 33-35 AD – Acts 8:1-3

 

Philip Preaches in Samaria – 33-35 AD – Acts 8:4-25

 

Philip Preaches to the Ethiopian Eunuch – 33-35 AD – Acts 8:26-40

 

Saulโ€™s (Paul) Conversion – 35-36 AD – Acts 9:1-18

 

*Caligula Emperor in Rome – 37-41 AD

 

Saul in Damascus and Arabia (Gal 1:17-18) – 36-39 AD – Acts 9:19-25

 

Saul Visits Jerusalem for 15 days – 39 AD – Gal 1:18

 

Saul Goes to Preach in Syria and Cilicia – 39-43 AD – Gal 1:21-24

 

Peter Shares the Gospel with Cornelius – 39-40 AD – Acts 10:1-48

 

 

Peter Visits Jerusalem – 39-40 AD – Acts 11:1-18

 

*Claudius is Emperor in Rome – 41-54 AD

 

Barnabas Works with the Church in Antioch – 41-43 AD – Acts 11:19-24

 

Barnabas Finds Saul and Returns to Antioch – 43-44 AD – Acts 11:25-27

 

Agabus Prophesies a Famine – 43-44 AD – Acts 11:28-30

 

Herod Agrippa I Kills the Apostle James – 44 AD – Acts 12:1-2

 

Peter Imprisoned but Released by an Angel – 44 AD – Acts 12:3-19

 

God Kills Herod Agrippa I – 44 AD – Acts 12:20-25

 

1st Missionary Journey of Paul & Barnabas – 46-47 AD – Acts 13:1-14:27

 

Paul & Barnabas Stay in Antioch – 47-48 AD – Acts 14:28

 

The Council at Jerusalem – 48 AD – Acts 15:1-29

 

Paul & Barnabas Return to Antioch – 48-49 AD – Acts 15:30-35

 

Emperor Claudius Expels Jews from Rome – 49-51 AD – Acts 18:2

 

Paulโ€™s 2nd Missionary Journey – 49-52 AD – Acts 16:1-18:22

 

 

Herod Agrippa II made a King by Claudius – 53 AD

 

Conversion of Apollos – 52-54 AD – Acts 18:24-28

 

Nero is Emperor in Rome – 54-68 AD

 

Paulโ€™s 3rd Missionary Journey – 53-57 AD – Acts 18:23-21:14

 

Paul Goes to Jerusalem and is Arrested – 57 AD – Acts 21:15-37

 

Paul Preaches to the Jews from the Barracks – 57 AD – Acts 21:38-22:22

 

Paul Imprisoned and on Trial Before the Council – 57 AD – Acts 22:23-23:10

 

The Jews Plot to Kill Paul – 57 AD – Acts 23:11-22

 

Paul is Moved to Caesarea – 57 AD – Acts 23:23-35

 

Paul on Trial Before Governor Felix – 57 AD – Acts 24:1-21

 

Felix Keeps Paul in Prison for 2 Years – 57-59 AD – Acts 24:22-27

 

Paul Appears Before Festus and Appeals to Caesar – 59 AD – Acts 25:1-12

 

Paul Appears Before King Agrippa – 59 AD – Acts 25:13-26:32

 

Paul Leaves on a Ship for Rome – 59 AD – Acts 27:1-12

 

 

Paul Shipwrecked on the Island of Malta – 59 AD – Acts 27:13-28:1

 

Paul Winters on Malta before Arriving in Rome – 59-60 AD – Acts 28:1-28

 

Paul Remained in House Arrest for 2 Years – 60-62 AD – Acts 28:19-31

       

 

 

 

 

 

 

Women in Ministry

I commend to you our sister Phoebe, a servant of the church at Cenchreae, that you may welcome her in the Lord in a way worthy of the saints, and help her in whatever she may need from you, for she has been a patron of many and of myself as well.

Romans 16:1

After Calvinism versus Arminianism, one of the most hotly debated topics in the contemporary church is that of Egalitarianism versus Complementarianism. Egalitarians assert that men and women aren’t just equal in value but equal on all fronts including biblical authority.  Hence women can be head pastors of churches. Criteria for their roles in the church are determined by gifting not gender.

Complementarians assert that while men and women are of equal value and importance before God, they have very distinct roles within the church. Women function in various roles and authority.  However, “head pastor” or overseer is not one of them. While I’ve generally leaned toward an egalitarian view myself. I’ve tried to avoid arguing for either position. My goal is to present what scripture has to say. I will ask the Acts 17:11 Bereans Bible Study  participants to apply the tools we have learned thus far including the laws of coherence and noncontradiction in the context of the 2 Timothy 3:16-17 presupposition,

All scripture is God breathed…

Phoebe in Vs. 1 is often cited in defense of Egalitarianism. Phoebe is named as a servant. Servant is diรกkonos, the Greek word from which the English word Deacon is derived. Hence, Egalitarians cite Phoebe as  a church deacon and proof that women originally served in church leadership. It seems reasonable. Still, others argue that the official title and office of Deacon did not exist until later. The complementarian conclusion that follows is that Phoebe was probably a faithful servant of the church and not a leader.

Servantdiรกkonos
To run errands; an attendant,  a waiter at the table, or in other menial duties, especially, a Christian teacher and pastor.
โ€ข one who executes the commands of another, esp. of a master, a servant, an attendant, a minister, the servant of a king
โ€ข a deacon, one who, by virtue of the office assigned to him by the church, cares for the poor and has charge of and distributes the money collected for their use
โ€ข a waiter, one who serves food and drink

-Strongs Concordance-

Egalitarians also cite Junia in vs. 7 as further proof.

Salute Andronicus and Junia, my 
kinsmen, and my fellow prisoners, 
who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before
 me.

Romans 16:7 KJV

Egalitarians interpret of note among the apostles, as stating that Junia was numbered as one of the apostles. If Junia was indeed an apostle, like Peter or Paul, then women are free to serve in any role within the fivefold ministry including the head pastor.

The ESV which is one of two contemporary translations taken directly from the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek instead of another English translation reads like this.

Greet Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen and my fellow prisoners. They are well known to the apostles, and they were in Christ before me.

Romans 16:7 ESV

Clearly, Junia was respected by the Apostles. But was she AN Apostle?

Another egalitarian cited proof text is found in Galatians 3.

There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus. And if you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s offspring, heirs according to promise.

Galatians 3:28-29

Egalitarians cite these verses as proof that gender distinctions do not exist within the kingdom of God. That certainly lines up with Western cultural dogma over the last fifty years. Those unfamiliar with the interplay between Critical Theory, Radical Feminism and Post Modern Theory in shaping at least five decades of Western culture should read Expose What?. That said, Paul addresses the issue of justification by faith alone in Galatians 3. There are no earthy distinctions that separate those who can and cannot be saved. However, nowhere in Galatians 3 does Paul address the issue of gender in terms of roles and authority in the church. If indeed egalitarians are correct, Galatians 3:28 is not the proof text that supports it.

Another possible argument in support of Egalitarianism is found in 2 Corinthians 5.

From now on, therefore, we regard no one according to the flesh.

2 Corinthians 5:16

Gender distinctions are distinctions according to flesh. If we regard no one after the flesh then male and female do not apply in the church. That seems like a stretch because

So God created man in his own image,
in the image of God he created him;
male and female he created them.

Genesis 1:27

It seems that male and female are spiritual distinctions with characteristics expressed in the flesh. Paul frames flesh as “tents” in 2 Cor 5. Furthermore, similar to Galatians 3 the context of 2 Cor 5 is justification and reconciliation between man and God. In that case, there are no distinctions according to the flesh. Paul mentions nothing about church authority here. Once again, Egalitarianism may be valid but 2 Corinthians 5 is also not a valid supporting scripture. Perhaps an Egalitarian who is reading this knows of better supporting scripture.

The emerging conflict.

It seems to me that the idea of ending gender roles violates the law of non-contradiction. In Ephesians 5:22-33 Paul declares marriage between a man and a woman as the paradigm for Christ’s relationship with His church. The man is the head of the wife. Those who view scripture through a lens of cultural dogma often recoil at the idea of men being the head of a woman. This attitude is at least partially driven by the overwhelming propensity of contemporary humans to view authority in terms of power and domination. Power corresponds with a platform and celebrity. Yet Christian headship or leadership is based on the idea of servanthood. While Ephesians 5 clearly states that the wife is to submit to her husband, the husband is called to give himself up for the wife in reflection of how Christ loved the church. As I explain to the married couples whom we counsel, when both husband and wife are obedient to God’s Word they will find themselves hard-pressed in determining who is submitting to whom.

Again, sometimes scripture bucks contemporary cultural dogma that has, among other things, depreciated the traditional roles and value of women especially the miraculous anointing to bring human life into the world.

Paul directly addresses the structure of church leadership later in 1 Timothy. If Phoebe held the office of Deacon and Junia was an Apostle then either something changed or the God breathed scripture contradicts itself. If scripture contradicts itself then it is not God breathed.

I desire then that in every place the men should pray, lifting holy hands without anger or quarreling; likewise also that women should adorn themselves in respectable apparel, with modesty and self-control, not with braided hair and gold or pearls or costly attire, but with what is proper for women who profess godlinessโ€”with good works. Let a woman learn quietly with all submissiveness. I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve; and Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor. Yet she will be saved through childbearingโ€”if they continue in faith and love and holiness, with self-control.

1 Timothy 2:8-15

1 Timothy 2 is the only place of which I am aware where Paul addresses the improper alignment of authority as a reason for the fall of mankind. Still, it is always easier to appease culture than to buck it on Biblical grounds. At the end of the day, we can make an argument for anything. We can justify and rationalize any position by attributing more weight to one proof text over another. However,  we cannot do so without violating the law of non-contradiction and undermining the authority of scripture.

The saying is trustworthy: If anyone aspires to the office of overseer, he desires a noble task. Therefore an overseer must be above reproach, the husband of one wife…

1 Timothy 3:1-2

In 1 Timothy 3 Paul lists the qualifications for overseers, (Bishops) which translates to head pastors in evangelical churches today. He does the same for the office of deacon.

Their wives likewise must be dignified, not slanderers, but sober-minded, faithful in all things. Let deacons each be the husband of one wife, managing their children and their own households well…

1 Timothy 3:8-12

Egalitarians will often cite Galatians 3 and extrapolate the interchangeable nature of gender roles here as well. That seems like a serious stretch to me particularly in the context of Ephesians 5:22-33.

As for other offices, there were women prophets, like Anna in Luke 2:36. The first recorded evangelist was a woman. John 4 Some women taught alongside their husbands such as Pricilla with Aquila in Acts 18:26. Philip the evangelist, had four unmarried daughters, who prophesied. Acts 21:9 Titus 2 exhorts women to lead by example. Older women are to teach younger women.

Then we have detailed criteria for the exercise of tongues and prophetic gifting in 1 Corinthians 14.

As in all the churches of the saints, the women should keep silent in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be in submission, as the Law also says. If there is anything they desire to learn, let them ask their husbands at home. For it is shameful for a woman to speak in church.

1 Corinthians 14:33-35

Did Paul just contradict what he wrote three chapters before? Many say that Paul was simply addressing the issue of cross-talking during the sermon.

but every wife who prays or prophesies with her head uncovered dishonors her head

1 Corinthians 11:5

Granted the context is a religious debate over head coverings. Yet Paul acknowledges that women do prophecy.

In 2 Timothy Paul praises the faith of Timothy’s grandmother Lois and his mother Eunice who imparted their faith to him. 

I am reminded of your sincere faith, a faith that dwelt first in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice and now, I am sure, dwells in you as well.

1 Timothy 1:5

Clearly women hold authority. But apparently, their roles are different from those of men. One of the best definitions of a manโ€™s role in the Church is found in 1 Corinthians 4.

Let a man so account of us, as of the ministers of Christ, and stewards of the mysteries of God.

1 Corinthians 4:1

Those with a contemporary cultural lens will almost undoubtedly view this verse as a declaration of authority and power. They recoil with,

“If a man can do it, a woman can too!”

Yet a deep dive into the word minister  yields the Greek work hypฤ“rรฉtฤ“san underrower, subordinate rower. Underrowers were not celebritized platform holders. Underrowers were slaves chained to benches below deck on ships. They rowed to the beat of a drum determined by the ship captain.

Steward is oikonรณmosa manager, superintendent (whether free-born or as was usually the case, a freed-man or a slave) to whom the head of the house or proprietor has entrusted the management of his affairs, the care of receipts and expenditures, and the duty of dealing out the proper portion to every servant and even to the children not yet of age – the manager of a farm or landed estate, an overseer


It appears to me that contemporary culture, a.k.a The World to which are not to be conformed Romans 12:1-2 has conflated the role of the overseer with that of the head of the house or proprietor.ย That should be no surprise in a culture where some claim that men can give birth to children. Headship is not held by any human being. It is held by Jesus.

I could be wrong. But it seems to me that we have a choice. Obey the word of God as it is written. Or jump through intellectual hoops formed by inference and induction. We adhere to the voice of culture or to the voice of God. Once again, this has been an underpinning controversy since Augustin first departed from the literal teachings of Polycarp and Irenaeus. Polycarp was discipled by John. We discussed this the first time the Acts 17:11 Bereans Bible Study met.

But then I am just one man with one fallable perspective.

Am I Wrong?

What say you?

Wiktionary

Maranatha